Cucumber scenarios parallel execution with ThreadLocal | TestNG, Java Selenium, Maven , POM page factory

1. Dependencies/plugins in pom.xml
2. Basic DriverFactory for chrome driver with ThreadLocal 
3. POM model with page factory pattern. 
4. Parallel execution configurations 
5. Cucumber hooks 
6. Is it necessary to have testng.xml for parallel execution if the code run from eclipse ? 

• Add all aforementioned dependencies/plugins in pom.xml file. In the maven-surefire-plugin configure parallel test with methods and number of threads to open when run automation.  
  
  
  
  
• Define the DriverFactory class with ThreadLocal web driver and then set the driver, get the driver, quit the driver with ThreadLocal class methods. This is the major aspect of localizing thread for step definitions. 
  
  

  privatestatic ThreadLocal<WebDriver> driver = new ThreadLocal<>();

• Create cucumber runner class, in this write the piece of parallel testing. Making true enables the parallel testing and false to normal/sequential tests.  
  

  @Override

  @DataProvider(parallel = true)

  public Object[][] scenarios() {

  returnsuper.scenarios();

  }

• It is always an automation best practice to keep the tests independent of one another, especially my experience with cucumber is to use Before and After hooks efficiently to trigger the browser instance and quit it when completes. I vote cucumber hooks over TestNG hooks with cucumber integration with TestNG.
  

  @Before(order=0)

  publicvoid before(Scenario scenaio) throws Exception{

  DriverFactory.setDriver();

  System.out.println("Current Thread Name:"+Thread.currentThread().getName());

  System.out.println("Current Thread ID:"+Thread.currentThread().getId());

  }

  @After(order=0)

  publicvoid after() throws Exception{

  DriverFactory.closeDriver();

  }

• Login to the application , Forgot Password resides on same Login page, so single feature is good enough to have this for Gherkin 
  
  Login.feature
  

  #Author: Sadakar Pochampalli

  @LoginFeature

  Feature: Login page validations

  
  

  Background:

  Given User is on login page

  
  

  @Login

  Scenario: Login to Orange HRM

  When User enters username "Admin"

  And User enters password "Admin123"

  And User clicks on Login button

  Then User should navigate to Orange HRM home page

  
  

  @ForgotPassword

  Scenario: Forgot password link verification

  Then User verifies Forgot password link display

• Now, it's the Page Object Model with page factory pattern. (Refer bottom section for complete code) 
  
  LoginPageFactory.java
  
  

  public WebDriver driver;

  
  

  public LoginPageFactory(WebDriver driver) {

  this.driver = driver;

  }

  
  

  // Username locator

  @FindBy(xpath = "//input[@name='username']")

  public WebElement userName;

  
  

• Initialize the elements in the step definition. (Refer bottom section for complete code) 
  
  LoginStepDef.java

  LoginPageFactory login = PageFactory.initElements(DriverFactory.getDriver(), LoginPageFactory.class);

  @Given("User is on login page")

  publicvoid user_is_on_login_page() throws InterruptedException {

  DriverFactory.getDriver().get("https://opensource-demo.orangehrmlive.com/web/index.php/auth/login");

  Thread.sleep(3000);

  }

  
  

  @When("User enters username {string}")

  publicvoid user_enters_username(String username) {

  login.enterUsername(username);

  }

<projectxmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"><modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion><groupId>CucumberParallelExecutionTestNG</groupId><artifactId>CucumberParallelExecutionTestNG</artifactId><version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version><name>CucumberParallelExecutionTestNG</name><description>CucumberParallelExecutionTestNG</description><dependencies><dependency><groupId>io.cucumber</groupId><artifactId>cucumber-java</artifactId><version>7.7.0</version></dependency><!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/io.cucumber/cucumber-java --><dependency><groupId>io.cucumber</groupId><artifactId>cucumber-testng</artifactId><version>7.7.0</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.seleniumhq.selenium</groupId><artifactId>selenium-java</artifactId><version>4.10.0</version></dependency><!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.testng/testng --><dependency><groupId>org.testng</groupId><artifactId>testng</artifactId><version>7.7.0</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>io.github.bonigarcia</groupId><artifactId>webdrivermanager</artifactId><version>5.3.3</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>tech.grasshopper</groupId><artifactId>extentreports-cucumber7-adapter</artifactId><version>1.2.0</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId><artifactId>lombok</artifactId><version>1.18.24</version><scope>provided</scope></dependency><!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/javax.mail/mail --><dependency><groupId>javax.mail</groupId><artifactId>mail</artifactId><version>1.4.7</version></dependency></dependencies><build><pluginManagement><plugins><plugin><groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId><artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId><version>3.1.2</version><configuration><parallel>methods</parallel><useUnlimitedThreads>2</useUnlimitedThreads><suiteXmlFiles><suiteXmlFile>testng.xml</suiteXmlFile></suiteXmlFiles></configuration></plugin><plugin><groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId><artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId><version>3.7.0</version><configuration><source>1.8</source><target>1.8</target></configuration></plugin></plugins></pluginManagement></build></project>

package parallel;importorg.testng.annotations.DataProvider;importio.cucumber.testng.AbstractTestNGCucumberTests;importio.cucumber.testng.CucumberOptions;@CucumberOptions(

		features ="classpath:parallel", tags ="@Login or @ForgotPassword", glue ={"parallel"},
		plugin={"pretty","json:target/cucumber-reports/cucumber.json","html:target/cucumber-reports/cucucmber-report.html"}, monochrome=true)publicclassCucumberRunnerTestextends AbstractTestNGCucumberTests {@Override@DataProvider(parallel =true)public Object[][]scenarios(){returnsuper.scenarios();}}

package parallel;importorg.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;importorg.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;importorg.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeOptions;importio.github.bonigarcia.wdm.WebDriverManager;publicfinalclassDriverFactory{privatestatic ThreadLocal<WebDriver> driver =new ThreadLocal<>();publicstaticvoidsetDriver(){
		
		ChromeOptions options =new ChromeOptions();
		options.addArguments("--remote-allow-origins=*");//options.addArguments("--headless");
		
		WebDriverManager.chromedriver().setup();
		driver.set(new ChromeDriver(options));}publicstatic WebDriver getDriver(){return driver.get();}publicstaticvoidcloseDriver(){
		driver.get().quit();
		driver.remove();}}

package parallel;importio.cucumber.java.After;importio.cucumber.java.Before;importio.cucumber.java.Scenario;publicclassHooks{@Before(order=0)publicvoidbefore(Scenario scenaio)throws Exception{
	
		
		DriverFactory.setDriver();
		System.out.println("Current Thread Name:"+Thread.currentThread().getName());
		System.out.println("Current Thread ID:"+Thread.currentThread().getId());}@After(order=0)publicvoidafter()throws Exception{
		DriverFactory.closeDriver();}}

package parallel;importorg.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;importorg.openqa.selenium.WebElement;importorg.openqa.selenium.support.FindBy;publicclassLoginPageFactory{public WebDriver driver;publicLoginPageFactory(WebDriver driver){this.driver= driver;}// Username locator@FindBy(xpath ="//input[@name='username']")public WebElement userName;// Password locator@FindBy(xpath ="//input[@name='password']")public WebElement passWord;// Login button locator@FindBy(xpath ="//button[@type='submit']")public WebElement loginButton;// Forgot password locator@FindBy(xpath ="//p[@class='oxd-text oxd-text--p orangehrm-login-forgot-header']")public WebElement forgotPassword;// Method that performs Username actionpublicvoidenterUsername(String uname){
		userName.sendKeys(uname);}// Method that performs Password actionpublicvoidenterPassword(String pwd){
		passWord.sendKeys(pwd);}// Method that performs Login actionpublicvoidclickLogin(){
		loginButton.click();}// Method that performs Forgot Password link verificationpublicbooleanisForgotPasswordLinkPresent(){return forgotPassword.isDisplayed();}}

package parallel;importorg.openqa.selenium.support.PageFactory;importorg.testng.Assert;importio.cucumber.java.en.Given;importio.cucumber.java.en.Then;importio.cucumber.java.en.When;publicclassLoginStepDef{
	LoginPageFactory login = PageFactory.initElements(DriverFactory.getDriver(), LoginPageFactory.class);@Given("User is on login page")publicvoiduser_is_on_login_page()throws InterruptedException {
		
		DriverFactory.getDriver().get("https://opensource-demo.orangehrmlive.com/web/index.php/auth/login");
		Thread.sleep(3000);}@When("User enters username {string}")publicvoiduser_enters_username(String username){
		login.enterUsername(username);}@When("User enters password {string}")publicvoiduser_enters_password(String password){
		login.enterPassword(password);}@When("User clicks on Login button")publicvoiduser_clicks_on_login_button(){
		login.clickLogin();}@Then("User should navigate to Orange HRM home page")publicvoiduser_should_navigate_to_orange_hrm_home_page(){
		System.out.println("Navigation to home page");}@Then("User verifies Forgot password link display")publicvoiduser_verifies_forgot_password_link_display(){
		Assert.assertTrue(login.isForgotPasswordLinkPresent());}}

#Author: Sadakar Pochampalli@LoginFeatureFeature: Login page validationsBackground:    Given User is on login page@LoginScenario: Login to Orange HRM    When User enters username "Admin"And User enters password "Admin123"And User clicks on Login buttonThen User should navigate to Orange HRM home page@ForgotPasswordScenario: Forgot password link verification    Then User verifies Forgot password link display